LANDSCAPE - LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT BEATRIX Farrand JONES (1872 -1959)
Beatrix Jones Farrand landscape architect was a pioneer of the profession in the United States of America . Born into a prominent New York family on June 19, 1872. In his youth Farrand was an avid gardener to learn, at twenty Farrand was introduced to the field of horticulture with one of her main mentors, botanist Charles Sprague Sargent of Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University. From 1890 to 1891, studied at the Arboretum. It was thanks to this chance encounter with Sprague Sargent, which would open the stakes to a new field of interest and purpose of his passion. In 1893 he began to read, photograph, observe and record the details of Bar Harbor, a place near the sea in Maine, where his family was going on vacation each year and spent much of his time admiring their gardens. She moved to Brookline, Massachusetts, where he studied gardening, landscaping, botany and planning. His mentor, Sargent, Farrand motivated to travel as much as possible so he could learn from some of the great works of world. One of these routes was through Europe, where she could visit more than twenty notable gardens. She studied for years many gardens he visited in Italy, France, Germany, Holland, England and Scotland. Other traditions of the landscape also inspired particularly Italian styles, Chinese and other traditions that were reflected in their designs. He began to practice landscape architecture at the age of 25 years, working from the top floor of the house of his mother in New York. He married in 1913 with the famous Yale historian, Max Farrand .
Beatrix Farrand was a woman with a cart very successful thanks to his good social connections, made nearly 200 commissions gardens designed for many wealthy clients. Built many gardens, majority in the State of New York. Farrand successfully combined experience as horticulturist, perfected through the study in the Arnold Arboretum with a good eye for detail, an almost perfect proportions, and extensive training in fine arts and history design. In 1897 he designed and built a small cemetery in Seal Harbor, Maine could have been his first real project. Customers like Harkness and Rockefeller was commissioned to design gardens in their farms and cottages. One of the most beautiful private gardens and evocative of the United States are gardens Abby Aldrich Rockefeller in Seal Harbor, Maine. These remarkable gardens designed for the Rockefellers (Nelson and David Rockefeller's mother), between 1926-1929. Influences Chinese and Buddhist concepts can sense in this design. Established after a visit to Asia in 1921, The Rockefeller brought a treasure enrich your garden, was a collection of imperial yellow tiles of the roof of the Forbidden City, Beijing. These tiles adorn the perimeter walls surrounding the garden.
Harkness Memorial State Park is a public park and botanical garden located in Waterford, Connecticut, on Long Island. Is 93 hectares. The park was formerly Eolia, an estate of Edward Harkness, a millionaire heir to a fortune started by his father's substantial investment in Standard Oil's John D. Rockefeller. He bought the mansion in 1907. Between 1918 and 1929 external works carried out under the guidance of landscape architect Beatrix Farrand Jones. Eolia was bequeathed the state of Connecticut in 1950 and became part of the park system State Park in 1952.
While most of their gardens have been lost in time, are notable exceptions garden Eyrie , the aforementioned Rockefeller's Garden in Maine, also a large part of campus Princeton and Yale , gardens Dumbarton Oaks in Washington, DC, which is arguably one of the great gardens of North America .
The work of Gertrude Jekyll marked an important influence on Beatrix . When Beatrice went abroad with his mother in 1895, Farrand wanted to go to England to meet Gertrude Jekyll. Although the two women were found, no meetings to give continuity to exchange or correspondence, Beatriz continued reading Jekyll's books. Farrand joined well to the vision of people of the stature of Gertrude Jekyll and William Robinson in monitoring the Arts and Crafts style . Henceforth his defense of the use of perennials with combinations based on color harmony, the sequence of blooms and texture would be their approach many of his designs. This was the birth of American-style mixed border, which reached its aesthetic ideal way of formal gardens with a fresh and enjoyable sophistication. What else you got to recognize is that sensations are perceived as privacy, warmth, candor and quiet. All their designs create a unique atmosphere, interesting and enjoyable for visitors.
In Farrand work, the influence of Jekyll can be translated into various aspects such as, the smooth and subtle choice of plants, how to project a strong emphasis on the value of nature . Use of "boxes" in the garden, or defined areas, flowing transitions from one area to the next, and have become a hallmark of landscape architecture at the time. During World War II planes acquired Jekyll and donated to the University of California a possible disaster rescuing a valuable documents for future generations.
Whether large or small, formal or naturalistic designs Farrand responded both to the specific features of the site as to the wishes of their clients. As a result, every job commissioner is unique and obvious quality reached in the hands of Farrand. His influential work became a milestone in the taste of Americans in the gardens in the first half of the twentieth century . His legacy remains even in the original designs we can still admire today.
Farrand was one of the eleven members who founded the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA), was the only woman of the eleven founders of American society and had a predominant influence in the profession in the United States. An autobiography of Beatrix Farrand was written in 1956 and published in the Reef Point Gardens Bulletin in 1959. His papers are archived at the University of California, Berkeley and Harvard.
Dumbarton Oaks Gardens
Dumbarton Oaks is a nineteenth century mansion and its spectacular gardens. The Federal-style residence and is located in the neighborhood of Georgetown in Washington DC The mansion was built in 1800. In 1920 Robert Woods Bliss bought and his wife Mildred Barnes Bliss . Mr. Bliss was a longstanding member of the diplomatic corps of the United States. Mildred and Robert W. Bliss, was a major American philanthropists. The garden was developed between 1922 and 1947 by Mildred Bliss. They are about 4 acres of gardens and relied almost all their landscape design landscape architect Beatrix Farrand in collaboration with Mrs. Bliss. She proposed a design consistent with the Arts and Crafts movement is structured yet romantic. A small number of theme gardens contain individual terraces or emphasis in the design, linked by causeways. The series of terraces are built into the hillside behind the house, and joins other areas of an informal tone. The gardens include the Star Garden, Green Garden, the Terrace of the Hague, the Terrace of the Shrine, the Rose Garden, Arbor Terrace, the Terrace of the Source, the pool of Lover's Lane , the Terrace of Pebbles, the Plaza of the Camellia, Prunus Road, Cherry Hill, Apple Hill, Forsythia Hill and Hill the Vista Hermosa. All are open to the public (1) the former residence now houses the Research Library and Collection Dumbarton Oaks, a center for the study of the Byzantine Empire, for her study of pre-Columbian times and the history of landscape painting.
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